Risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil surrounding a typical pharmaceutical manufacturing complex

The identification and effective control of pollution sources is essential because heavy metal in agricultural soil associated with food safety public health. Industrial wastewater, waste gas, residues generated from pharmaceutical manufacturing are important pollutants soil, but the research their risk for surrounding inadequate. In this study, typical complex its farmland Hubei Province, China was employed to systematically comprehensively assess environmental source apportionment. results revealed potential cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) production around, among these metals, As Cd were observed have higher level. accumulated had contribution a series risks, including comprehensive risk, geo-accumulation ecological carcinogenic non-carcinogenic risk. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis combining geographic distribution confirmed that there three main sources, traffic, chemicals, which 52.37%, 16.49%, 31.14% contributions soil. present study provided systematic strategies environment assessment apportionment, can be referred casual prevention complex.